Dogs may become fearful of outdoor noises like traffic, construction, crowds. Desensitize slowly.
Loud Noise
Previous bad experience like being attacked or getting lost outside. Rebuild positive associations.
Past Trauma
Changes to outdoor areas or unfamiliar environments can seem scary. Familiarize them slowly.
Changes
Nervous dispositions or separation anxiety is heightened outdoors away from home. Patience and counterconditioning.
Anxiety
Associating being outdoors with past sickness, pain or injuries causes avoidance. Check health.
Injury/Illness
Advancing age sometimes leads to heightened risk awareness. Use ramps, go at their pace.
Age
Lack of socialization and exposure outdoors in puppyhood affects confidence. Reward small steps.
Confidence